The civilization that grew in Central Asia, comprises of many races, religions, artistic movements and achievements. History of this region is highly fascinating to the students of Asiatic culture. The nations constituting Central Asia, whether as part of former Soviet Union or otherwise, carry a special importance to India on account of the cultural links that existed between India and Central Asian countries. The cultures and art traditions of Central Asia and India mutually influenced each other during the ancient and medieval times.
Central
Asia is considered to be an important region in view of the fact that it was
a meeting place of people of diverse races giving rise to a cosmopolitan
culture. This area occupies a strategic geographical position and serves as
a channel for diffusion of cultural ideas, arts and crafts, languages and
literature in various directions. Because of many historical reasons and
Silk Route trade which connected China with the Mediterranean world,
interchange of many civilizations like those of India, Hellinized Asia,
Iran, Sogdiana and China flourished here. Various religions particularly
Buddhism, contributed largely to the growth of Central Asian art and
culture. The Buddhist shrines and cave temples of Central Asia are
embellished with stuccos and paintings depicting scenes from Buddhas life,
Bodhisattva figures, Jatakas and Avadanas, testifying to Indian impact on
Central Asian culture.
Galaxy
of scholars like Sven Hedin from Sweden, Sir Aurel Stein from British India,
Albert von Lecoq and Grunwedel from Germany, Kozlov and Oldenburg from
Russia and Paul Pelliot from France, explored and discovered the rich
cultural heritage of this region during the early years of the last
century. The art relics discovered include wall-paintings, silk-paintings
and banners, stuccos, wood-carvings, Kharoshti documents, textiles,
manuscripts and many other artifacts throwing considerable light on the
Central Asian culture .Their discoveries and studies have revealed the
nature and stages of growth of the Central Asian civilizations and its
relation with the neighboring countries, specially India. The rich
geographical, historical and cultural heritage of Central Asia, provided a
strong foundation for fostering a dynamic cultural pluralism in the region
and also for cross cultural dialogue.
Central
Asian objects are scattered in various institutions over the globe, viz. the
Hermitage Museum and Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, St.
Petersburg; Oriental Institute, Moscow; Dunhuang and the National Library,
Beijing; Nara, Japan; National Museum, India; Museum for Indian Art, Berlin;
Musee Guimet and the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris; The British Museum
(especially the Department of Oriental Antiquities), The Victoria and Albert
Museum and the British Library, London; The Metropolitan Museum, New York,
The Smithsonian Institution, Washington and The Fogg Art Museum, Harvard
University, USA, etc.
In the year 1997 an
international Seminar, 'Feasibility Conference for the Documentation of
Central Asian Antiquities' was organized by IGNCA under the aegis of UNESCO.
The seminar was attended by representatives of various prestigious
institutions in India and abroad. The aim was to take stock of Central Asian
antiquities in different museums/institutions of the world. At the end, a
resolution was adopted to document the Central Asian antiquities in
museums/institutions having major central Asian collections, on a
comprehensive basis.
In the above context, the present Seminar was organized to modulate
and determine an operational framework for documentation of objects in a
detailed manner for dissemination of knowledge. The Seminar was inaugurated
by the Hon'ble Minister of Tourism and Culture, Shri Ananth Kumar, who spoke
at length on the various dimensions of the Central Asian culture which was
cosmopolitan in nature. He said, "This is now a forgotten civilization.
We can now reconstruct the old culture of Central Asia with the help of the
Central Asian antiquities discovered by
various scholars. A deep knowledge of the subject would promote good will
and cultural relations between various countries." The Hon'ble Minister
further observed, "We have entered an era of clashes of civilizations
as well as of the assimilation of civilization of human peace,
progress and prosperity. The present seminar is a positive step in that
direction." He announced a lavish grant for modernization of the
Central Asian galleries in the National
Musuem.
Prof
N.R. Shetty, Member Secretary IGNCA, in his welcome speech emphasized the
need for a comprehensive and collaborative efforts for the documentation of
Central Asian antiquities which are of global importance.
The
UNESCO representative, Mr.
Perera appreciated the efforts of the IGNCA for organizing the seminar of
great cultural value and offered cooperation to the institution for its
future projects.
The
seminar was attended by scholars and observers from various countries
including U.K. Germany, Russia, China and India. The presentations and the
discussion that followed were very scholarly and useful. At the end,
resolutions were adopted to further Central Asian Studies.
